War powers
Votes on whether forces already committed abroad need explicit authorisation from Congress to stay there.
12 of these 13 votes split the parties — 9 in the House and 3 in the Senate — and only those place anyone on the scale. Which end is which is read from the votes: it is the side most Democrats took on most of them.
James C. Justice on this value
0 of 3 party-split votes with the Democrats and 3 with the Republicans. That is fewer than 4, so the marker is hollow and this value is not counted in their overall position.
The 13 votes behind this value
Each was chosen by hand, and the sentence under it is the written reason for what a yea and a nay each did. Under that is how each party voted, which is where the two ends of the scale come from. Every one links to its full roll call, where you can see the question as the chamber put it and how every member voted.
Withdraw forces from hostilities with Iran (second adopted measure)
Not seated for this voteA further War Powers Resolution on Iran agreed to by the House.
Democrats 210–0, Republicans 4–207. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from hostilities in Lebanon (second measure)
Not seated for this voteA further War Powers Resolution on the Lebanon deployment.
Democrats 187–22, Republicans 2–212. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from Lebanon
Not seated for this voteA War Powers Resolution directing removal of US forces from Lebanon absent congressional authorisation.
Democrats 91–117, Republicans 1–206. Most of both parties voted nay, so this vote does not move anyone on the scale.
Withdraw forces from hostilities with Iran (adopted)
Not seated for this voteThe War Powers Resolution on Iran that the House agreed to, directing removal of forces from unauthorised hostilities.
Democrats 211–0, Republicans 4–207. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from hostilities with Iran (third measure)
Not seated for this voteAnother War Powers Resolution on the same question, brought as the deployment continued.
Democrats 209–1, Republicans 3–210. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from hostilities with Iran (second measure)
Not seated for this voteA further War Powers Resolution directing removal of forces from hostilities with Iran absent congressional authorisation.
Democrats 212–1, Republicans 1–212. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from unauthorised hostilities with Iran
Not seated for this voteA War Powers Resolution measure directing the President to remove US forces from hostilities against Iran that Congress has not authorised. A yea asserts the congressional authorisation requirement.
Democrats 210–4, Republicans 2–214. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from Venezuela (second measure)
Not seated for this voteA further War Powers Resolution directing removal of forces from Venezuela absent congressional authorisation.
Democrats 213–0, Republicans 2–214. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from unauthorised hostilities in Venezuela
Not seated for this voteA War Powers Resolution directing removal of US forces from hostilities within or against Venezuela not authorised by Congress.
Democrats 208–1, Republicans 3–211. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
Withdraw forces from hostilities with designated groups in the Americas
Not seated for this voteA War Powers Resolution directing removal of US forces from hostilities with presidentially designated terrorist organisations in the Western Hemisphere that Congress has not authorised.
Democrats 208–2, Republicans 2–213. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay.
A motion to discharge S.J.Res. 90, directing removal of forces from unauthorised hostilities within or against Venezuela.
Democrats 45–0, Republicans 2–51. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay. James C. Justice voted nay — the Republican side.
A motion to discharge S.J.Res. 83, directing removal of US forces from hostilities Congress has not authorised.
Democrats 44–1, Republicans 2–50. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay. James C. Justice voted nay — the Republican side.
A motion to discharge S.J.Res. 59, directing removal of forces from unauthorised hostilities against Iran, so the Senate could vote on it.
Democrats 44–1, Republicans 1–52. Most Democrats voted yea and most Republicans nay. James C. Justice voted nay — the Republican side.
The method behind all 12 values, including what it deliberately does not measure.