Actions at meetings not regularly called: Ratification and approval

1. Whenever all persons entitled to vote at any meeting, whether of directors, trustees or stockholders, consent, either by: (a) A writing on the records of the meeting or filed with the secretary; (b) Presence at such meeting and oral consent entered on the minutes; or (c) Taking part in the deliberations at such meeting without objection, Ê the doings of such meeting shall be as valid as if had at a meeting regularly called and noticed. 2. At such meeting any business may be transacted which is not excepted from the written consent or to the consideration of which no objection for want of notice is made at the time. 3. If any meeting be irregular for want of notice or of such consent, provided a quorum was present at such meeting, the proceedings of the meeting may be ratified and approved and rendered likewise valid and the irregularity or defect therein waived by a writing signed by all parties having the right to vote at such meeting. 4. Such consent or approval of stockholders or creditors may be by proxy or attorney, but all such proxies and powers of attorney must be in writing.