15 U.S.C. § 2697
Formaldehyde standards
United States · Title 15 — COMMERCE AND TRADE · Status: effective
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- Citation
- 15 U.S.C. § 2697, Formaldehyde standards, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/441663
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Full text
In this section:
The term “finished good” means any good or product (other than a panel) containing—
The term “finished good” does not include—
any finished good that has previously been sold or supplied to an individual or entity that purchased or acquired the finished good in good faith for purposes other than resale, such as—
The term “hardboard” has such meaning as the Administrator shall establish, by regulation, pursuant to subsection (d).
The term “hardwood plywood” means a hardwood or decorative panel that is—
composed of (as determined under the standard numbered ANSI/HPVA HP–1–2009) an assembly of layers or plies of veneer, joined by an adhesive with—
The term “hardwood plywood” does not include—
any other product specified in—
The Administrator shall conduct a rulemaking process pursuant to subsection (d) that uses all available and relevant information from State authorities, industry, and other available sources of such information, and analyzes that information to determine, at the discretion of the Administrator, whether the definition of the term “hardwood plywood” should exempt engineered veneer or any laminated product.
The Administrator may modify any aspect of the definition contained in clause (ii) before including that definition in the regulations promulgated pursuant to subclause (I).
The term “laminated product” means a product—
in which a wood veneer is affixed to—
that is—
The term “manufactured home” has the meaning given the term in section 3280.2 of title 24, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of promulgation of regulations pursuant to subsection (d)).
The term “medium-density fiberboard” means a panel composed of cellulosic fibers made by dry forming and pressing a resinated fiber mat (as determined under the standard numbered ANSI A208.2–2009).
The term “modular home” means a home that is constructed in a factory in 1 or more modules—
The term “no-added formaldehyde-based resin” means a resin formulated with no added formaldehyde as part of the resin cross-linking structure in a composite wood product that meets the emission standards in subparagraph (C) as measured by—
The term “no-added formaldehyde-based resin” may include any resin made from—
The following are the emission standards for composite wood products made with no-added formaldehyde-based resins under this paragraph:
The term “particleboard” means a panel composed of cellulosic material in the form of discrete particles (as distinguished from fibers, flakes, or strands) that are pressed together with resin (as determined under the standard numbered ANSI A208.1–2009).
The term “particleboard” does not include any product specified in the standard entitled “Voluntary Product Standard—Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-Use Panels” and numbered PS 2–04.
The term “recreational vehicle” has the meaning given the term in section 3282.8 of title 24, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of promulgation of regulations pursuant to subsection (d)).
The term “ultra low-emitting formaldehyde resin” means a resin in a composite wood product that meets the emission standards in subparagraph (C) as measured by—
The term “ultra low-emitting formaldehyde resin” may include—
The Administrator may, pursuant to regulations issued under subsection (d), reduce the testing requirements for a manufacturer only if its product made with ultra low-emitting formaldehyde resin meets the following emission standards:
For medium-density fiberboard—
For particleboard—
For thin medium-density fiberboard—
The Administrator may not, pursuant to regulations issued under subsection (d), exempt a manufacturer from third party certification requirements unless its product made with ultra low-emitting formaldehyde resin meets the following emission standards:
Except as provided in an applicable sell-through regulation promulgated pursuant to subsection (d), effective beginning on the date that is 180 days after the date of promulgation of those regulations, the emission standards described in paragraph (2), shall apply to hardwood plywood, medium-density fiberboard, and particleboard sold, supplied, offered for sale, or manufactured in the United States.
The emission standards referred to in paragraph (1), based on test method ASTM E–1333–96 (2002), are as follows:
For hardwood plywood with a composite core—
For medium-density fiberboard—
For thin medium-density fiberboard—
For particleboard—
Compliance with the emission standards described in paragraph (2) shall be measured by—
The formaldehyde emission standard referred to in paragraph (1) shall apply regardless of whether an applicable hardwood plywood, medium-density fiberboard, or particleboard is—
The formaldehyde emission standard referred to in subsection (b)(1) shall not apply to—
composite wood products used inside a new—
vehicle (other than a recreational vehicle) constructed entirely from new parts that has never been—
exterior doors and garage doors that contain composite wood products, if—
Not later than January 1, 2013, the Administrator shall promulgate regulations to implement the standards required under subsection (b) in a manner that ensures compliance with the emission standards described in subsection (b)(2).
The regulations promulgated pursuant to paragraph (1) shall include provisions relating to—
Sell-through provisions established by the Administrator under this subsection, with respect to composite wood products and finished goods containing regulated composite wood products (including recreational vehicles, manufactured homes, and modular homes), shall—
The regulations promulgated under this subsection shall—
For purposes of this paragraph, the term “stockpiling” means manufacturing or purchasing a composite wood product or finished good containing a regulated composite wood product between July 7, 2010, and the date 180 days following the promulgation of the regulations pursuant to this subsection at a rate which is significantly greater (as determined by the Administrator) than the rate at which such product or good was manufactured or purchased during a base period (as determined by the Administrator) ending before July 7, 2010.
Not later than July 1, 2013, the Administrator, in coordination with the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection and other appropriate Federal departments and agencies, shall revise regulations promulgated pursuant to section 2612 of this title as the Administrator determines to be necessary to ensure compliance with this section.
The Administrator may, after public notice and opportunity for comment, substitute an industry standard or test method referenced in this section with its successor version.
An individual or entity that violates any requirement under this section (including any regulation promulgated pursuant to subsection (d)) shall be considered to have committed a prohibited act under section 2614 of this title.
Legislative history
The public laws that enacted or amended this section. Tallies are for the whole bill as it passed each chamber — often an omnibus covering far more than this provision — not a vote on this section alone.
- Toxic Substances Control ActHouse: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
- Formaldehyde Standards for Composite Wood Products ActHouse: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
- Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015