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17 U.S.C. § 1401

Unauthorized use of pre-1972 sound recordings

United States · Title 17 — COPYRIGHTS · Status: effective

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17 U.S.C. § 1401, Unauthorized use of pre-1972 sound recordings, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/448616
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The prohibition under paragraph (1)— subject to clause (ii), shall apply to a sound recording described in that paragraph— A public performance by means of a digital audio transmission of a sound recording fixed before February 15, 1972, or a reproduction in an ephemeral phonorecord or copy of a sound recording fixed before February 15, 1972, shall, for purposes of subsection (a), be considered to be authorized and made with the consent of the rights owner if— Noncommercial use of a sound recording fixed before February 15, 1972, that is not being commercially exploited by or under the authority of the rights owner shall not violate subsection (a) if— the person engaging in the noncommercial use, in order to determine whether the sound recording is being commercially exploited by or under the authority of the rights owner, makes a good faith, reasonable search for, but does not find, the sound recording— For purposes of this subsection— Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Register of Copyrights shall issue regulations that— For purposes of this paragraph, the term “knowing”— with respect to information about ownership of the sound recording in question, means that the person— To the extent that a license agreement described in paragraph (1) entered into on or after the date of enactment of this section extends to a public performance by means of a digital audio transmission of a sound recording fixed before February 15, 1972, that meets the conditions of subsection (b)— To the extent that a license agreement described in paragraph (1), entered into during the period beginning on January 1 of the year in which this section is enacted and ending on the day before the date of enactment of this section, or a settlement agreement with a preexisting satellite digital audio radio service (as defined in section 114(j)) entered into during the period beginning on January 1, 2015, and ending on the day before the date of enactment of this section, extends to a public performance by means of a digital audio transmission of a sound recording fixed before February 15, 1972, that meets the conditions of subsection (b)— the rights owner shall, with respect to such transmission, pay to the collective designated to distribute receipts from the licensing of transmissions in accordance with section 114(f) an amount that is equal to the difference between— 50 percent of the difference between— This section preempts any claim of common law copyright or equivalent right under the laws of any State arising from a digital audio transmission or reproduction that is made before the date of enactment of this section of a sound recording fixed before February 15, 1972, if— either— Except in the case of a transmitting entity that has filed contact information for that transmitting entity under subparagraph (B), in any action under this section, an award of statutory damages or of attorneys’ fees under section 504 or 505 may be made with respect to an unauthorized use of a sound recording under subsection (a) only if— Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Register of Copyrights shall issue regulations that— An award of statutory damages or of attorneys’ fees under section 504 or 505 may not be made against an entity that has filed contact information for that entity under clause (i) with respect to an unauthorized use by that entity of a sound recording under subsection (a) if the use occurs before the end of the 90-day period beginning on the date on which the entity receives a notice that— With respect to a rights owner described in subsection (l)(2)(B)— The following provisions shall apply to a rights owner under this section to the same extent as any copyright owner: In this section: The term “rights owner” means— any person to which a right to enforce a violation of this section may be transferred, in whole or in part, after the date of enactment of this section, under—

Legislative history

The public laws that enacted or amended this section. Tallies are for the whole bill as it passed each chamber — often an omnibus covering far more than this provision — not a vote on this section alone.

  • Enacted byPub. L. 115-264(H.R. 1551)2018-10-11
    Orrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte Music Modernization Act
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally