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18 U.S.C. § 922

Unlawful acts

United States · Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE · Status: effective

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18 U.S.C. § 922, Unlawful acts, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/449016
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It shall be unlawful— for any person— for any importer, manufacturer, dealer, or collector licensed under the provisions of this chapter to ship or transport in interstate or foreign commerce any firearm to any person other than a licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, licensed dealer, or licensed collector, except that— for any person to manufacture or import armor piercing ammunition, unless— for any manufacturer or importer to sell or deliver armor piercing ammunition, unless such sale or delivery— It shall be unlawful for any licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, licensed dealer, or licensed collector to sell or deliver— In any case not otherwise prohibited by this chapter, a licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer may sell a firearm to a person who does not appear in person at the licensee’s business premises (other than another licensed importer, manufacturer, or dealer) only if— “Subject to penalties provided by law, I swear that, in the case of any firearm other than a shotgun or a rifle, I am twenty-one years or more of age, or that, in the case of a shotgun or a rifle, I am eighteen years or more of age; that I am not prohibited by the provisions of chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, from receiving a firearm in interstate or foreign commerce; and that my receipt of this firearm will not be in violation of any statute of the State and published ordinance applicable to the locality in which I reside. Further, the true title, name, and address of the principal law enforcement officer of the locality to which the firearm will be delivered are ____________ _______________________ the transferor has— prior to the shipment or delivery of the firearm, forwarded a copy of the sworn statement, together with a description of the firearm, in a form prescribed by the Attorney General, to the chief law enforcement officer of the transferee’s place of residence, by— with respect to a delivery method described in subparagraph (A)(i)— It shall be unlawful for any person to sell or otherwise dispose of any firearm or ammunition to any person knowing or having reasonable cause to believe that such person, including as a juvenile— who, being an alien— is subject to a court order that restrains such person from harassing, stalking, or threatening an intimate partner of such person or child of such intimate partner or person, or engaging in other conduct that would place an intimate partner in reasonable fear of bodily injury to the partner or child, except that this paragraph shall only apply to a court order that— It shall be unlawful for any person— who, being an alien— who is subject to a court order that— It shall be unlawful for any individual, who to that individual’s knowledge and while being employed for any person described in any paragraph of subsection (g) of this section, in the course of such employment— This subsection does not apply with respect to— It shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture, import, sell, ship, deliver, possess, transfer, or receive any firearm— For purposes of this subsection— the term “Security Exemplar” means an object, to be fabricated at the direction of the Attorney General, that is— This subsection shall not apply to any firearm which— The Congress finds and declares that— Subparagraph (A) does not apply to the possession of a firearm— that is— Subparagraph (A) does not apply to the discharge of a firearm— It shall be unlawful for any person to assemble from imported parts any semiautomatic rifle or any shotgun which is identical to any rifle or shotgun prohibited from importation under section 925(d)(3) of this chapter as not being particularly suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes except that this subsection shall not apply to— Beginning on the date that is 90 days after the date of enactment of this subsection and ending on the day before the date that is 60 months after such date of enactment, it shall be unlawful for any licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer to sell, deliver, or transfer a handgun (other than the return of a handgun to the person from whom it was received) to an individual who is not licensed under section 923, unless— after the most recent proposal of such transfer by the transferee— the transferor has— the transferee has presented to the transferor a permit that— on application of the transferor, the Attorney General has certified that compliance with subparagraph (A)(i)(III) is impracticable because— The statement referred to in paragraph (1)(A)(i)(I) shall contain only— a statement that the transferee— is not an alien who— Any transferor of a handgun who, after such transfer, receives a report from a chief law enforcement officer containing information that receipt or possession of the handgun by the transferee violates Federal, State, or local law shall, within 1 business day after receipt of such request, communicate any information related to the transfer that the transferor has about the transfer and the transferee to— Unless the chief law enforcement officer to whom a statement is transmitted under paragraph (1)(A)(i)(IV) determines that a transaction would violate Federal, State, or local law— A chief law enforcement officer or other person responsible for providing criminal history background information pursuant to this subsection shall not be liable in an action at law for damages— Beginning on the date that is 30 days after the Attorney General notifies licensees under section 103(d) of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act that the national instant criminal background check system is established, a licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer shall not transfer a firearm to any other person who is not licensed under this chapter, unless— in the case of a person less than 21 years of age, in addition to all other requirements of this chapter— in the case of such a person with respect to whom the system notifies the licensee in accordance with clause (ii) that cause exists to further investigate a possibly disqualifying juvenile record under subsection (d), 10 business days (meaning a day on which State offices are open) have elapsed since the licensee contacted the system, and the system has not notified the licensee that— If transfer or receipt of a firearm would not violate subsection (d), (g), or (n) (as applicable) or State, local or Tribal law, the system shall— Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a firearm transfer between a licensee and another person if— such other person has presented to the licensee a permit that— on application of the transferor, the Attorney General has certified that compliance with paragraph (1)(A) is impracticable because— Neither a local government nor an employee of the Federal Government or of any State or local government, responsible for providing information to the national instant criminal background check system shall be liable in an action at law for damages— It shall be unlawful for a person to sell, deliver, or otherwise transfer to a person who the transferor knows or has reasonable cause to believe is a juvenile— It shall be unlawful for any person who is a juvenile to knowingly possess— This subsection does not apply to— a temporary transfer of a handgun or ammunition to a juvenile or to the possession or use of a handgun or ammunition by a juvenile if the handgun and ammunition are possessed and used by the juvenile— with the prior written consent of the juvenile’s parent or guardian who is not prohibited by Federal, State, or local law from possessing a firearm, except— In this subsection— Subsections (d)(5)(B), (g)(5)(B), and (s)(3)(B)(v)(II) do not apply to any alien who has been lawfully admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa, if that alien is— an official representative of a foreign government who is— Any individual who has been admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa may receive a waiver from the requirements of subsection (g)(5), if— Each petition under subparagraph (B) shall— The Attorney General shall approve a petition submitted in accordance with this paragraph, if the Attorney General determines that waiving the requirements of subsection (g)(5)(B) with respect to the petitioner— Paragraph (1) shall not apply to— As used in this paragraph, the term “qualified civil liability action”— means a civil action brought by any person against a person described in subparagraph (A) for damages resulting from the criminal or unlawful misuse of the handgun by a third party, if—

Legislative history

The public laws that enacted or amended this section. Tallies are for the whole bill as it passed each chamber — often an omnibus covering far more than this provision — not a vote on this section alone. The law that originally enacted this section predates the public laws loaded here, so only later amendments are listed.

  • Amended byPub. L. 97-377(H.J.Res. 631)1982-12-21
    Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 1983
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 99-308(S. 49)1986-05-19
    Firearms Owners' Protection Act
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 99-408(H.R. 3132)1986-08-28
    Law Enforcement Officers Protection Act of 1985
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 99-514(H.R. 3838)1986-10-22
    Tax Reform Act of 1986
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 100-649(H.R. 4445)1988-11-10
    Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 100-690(H.R. 5210)1988-11-18
    Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 101-647(S. 3266)1990-11-29
    Crime Control Act of 1990
    House: 313–1Senate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 103-159(H.R. 1025)1993-11-30
    Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act
  • Amended byPub. L. 103-322(H.R. 3355)1994-09-13
    Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
  • Amended byPub. L. 104-208(H.R. 3610)1996-09-30
    Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, 1997
  • Amended byPub. L. 104-294(H.R. 3723)1996-10-11
    Economic Espionage Act of 1996
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 105-277(H.R. 4328)1998-10-21
    Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999
  • Amended byPub. L. 107-273(H.R. 2215)2002-11-02
    21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act
    House: 400–4Senate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 107-296(H.R. 5005)2002-11-25
    Homeland Security Act of 2002
  • Amended byPub. L. 109-92(S. 397)2005-10-26
    Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act
  • Amended byPub. L. 114-94(H.R. 22)2015-12-04
    FAST Act
  • Amended byPub. L. 117-103(H.R. 2471)2022-03-15
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 117-159(S. 2938)2022-06-25
    Bipartisan Safer Communities Act
    House: 230–190Senate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 118-159(H.R. 5009)2024-12-23
    Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025
    House: 281–140Senate: no recorded tally