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18 U.S.C. § 1839

Definitions

United States · Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE · Status: effective

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18 U.S.C. § 1839, Definitions, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/449381
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Full text

As used in this chapter— the term “trade secret” means all forms and types of financial, business, scientific, technical, economic, or engineering information, including patterns, plans, compilations, program devices, formulas, designs, prototypes, methods, techniques, processes, procedures, programs, or codes, whether tangible or intangible, and whether or how stored, compiled, or memorialized physically, electronically, graphically, photographically, or in writing if— the term “misappropriation” means— disclosure or use of a trade secret of another without express or implied consent by a person who— at the time of disclosure or use, knew or had reason to know that the knowledge of the trade secret was— before a material change of the position of the person, knew or had reason to know that— the term “improper means”—

Legislative history

The public laws that enacted or amended this section. Tallies are for the whole bill as it passed each chamber — often an omnibus covering far more than this provision — not a vote on this section alone.

  • Enacted byPub. L. 104-294(H.R. 3723)1996-10-11
    Economic Espionage Act of 1996
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 114-153(S. 1890)2016-05-11
    Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016