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28 U.S.C. § 1610

Exceptions to the immunity from attachment or execution

United States · Title 28 — JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE · Status: effective

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28 U.S.C. § 1610, Exceptions to the immunity from attachment or execution, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/465304
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The property in the United States of a foreign state, as defined in section 1603(a) of this chapter, used for a commercial activity in the United States, shall not be immune from attachment in aid of execution, or from execution, upon a judgment entered by a court of the United States or of a State after the effective date of this Act, if— the execution relates to a judgment establishing rights in property— In addition to subsection (a), any property in the United States of an agency or instrumentality of a foreign state engaged in commercial activity in the United States shall not be immune from attachment in aid of execution, or from execution, upon a judgment entered by a court of the United States or of a State after the effective date of this Act, if— The property of a foreign state, as defined in section 1603(a) of this chapter, used for a commercial activity in the United States, shall not be immune from attachment prior to the entry of judgment in any action brought in a court of the United States or of a State, or prior to the elapse of the period of time provided in subsection (c) of this section, if— In providing such assistance, the Secretaries— Subject to paragraph (3), the property of a foreign state against which a judgment is entered under section 1605A, and the property of an agency or instrumentality of such a state, including property that is a separate juridical entity or is an interest held directly or indirectly in a separate juridical entity, is subject to attachment in aid of execution, and execution, upon that judgment as provided in this section, regardless of—

Legislative history

The public laws that enacted or amended this section. Tallies are for the whole bill as it passed each chamber — often an omnibus covering far more than this provision — not a vote on this section alone.

  • Enacted byPub. L. 94-583(H.R. 11315)1976-10-21
    Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 100-640(H.R. 1149)1988-11-09
    A bill to amend the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act with respect to admiralty jurisdiction.
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 100-669(S. 2204)1988-11-16
    A bill to implement the Inter-American Convention on International Commercial Arbitration.
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 101-650(H.R. 5316)1990-12-01
    Judicial Improvements Act of 1990
    House: 386–18Senate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 104-132(S. 735)1996-04-24
    Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996
  • Amended byPub. L. 105-277(H.R. 4328)1998-10-21
    Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999
  • Amended byPub. L. 106-386(H.R. 3244)2000-10-28
    Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000
  • Amended byPub. L. 107-297(H.R. 3210)2002-11-26
    Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002
  • Amended byPub. L. 110-181(H.R. 4986)2008-01-28
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
  • Amended byPub. L. 112-158(H.R. 1905)2012-08-10
    Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012
    House: 410–11Senate: no recorded tally