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42 U.S.C. § 9601

Definitions

United States · Title 42 — THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE · Status: effective

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42 U.S.C. § 9601, Definitions, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/481976
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For purpose of this subchapter— The term “owner or operator” does not include, with respect to a facility conveyed to a Native village or Native Corporation (as those terms are defined in section 3 of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1602]) under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.]— The term “owner or operator” does not include a person that is a lender that did not participate in management of a vessel or facility prior to foreclosure, notwithstanding that the person— For purposes of subparagraph (F)— the term “participate in management”— a person that is a lender and that holds indicia of ownership primarily to protect a security interest in a vessel or facility shall be considered to participate in management only if, while the borrower is still in possession of the vessel or facility encumbered by the security interest, the person— exercises control at a level comparable to that of a manager of the vessel or facility, such that the person has assumed or manifested responsibility— the term “participate in management” does not include— As used in this chapter: The term “extension of credit” includes a lease finance transaction— The terms “foreclosure” and “foreclose” mean, respectively, acquiring, and to acquire, a vessel or facility through— The term “lender” means— The term “contractual relationship”, for the purpose of section 9607(b)(3) of this title, includes, but is not limited to, land contracts, deeds, easements, leases, or other instruments transferring title or possession, unless the real property on which the facility concerned is located was acquired by the defendant after the disposal or placement of the hazardous substance on, in, or at the facility, and one or more of the circumstances described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) is also established by the defendant by a preponderance of the evidence: To establish that the defendant had no reason to know of the matter described in subparagraph (A)(i), the defendant must demonstrate to a court that— the defendant took reasonable steps to— In promulgating regulations that establish the standards and practices referred to in clause (ii), the Administrator shall include each of the following: With respect to property purchased before May 31, 1997, in making a determination with respect to a defendant described in clause (i), a court shall take into account— The term “service station dealer” means any person— The term “brownfield site” does not include— a facility that— a land disposal unit with respect to which— a portion of a facility— For the purposes of section 9604(k) of this title, the term “brownfield site” includes a site that— The term “bona fide prospective purchaser” means, with respect to a facility— a person who— a person— with respect to whom any of the following conditions apply: The criteria described in this subparagraph are as follows: The person exercises appropriate care with respect to hazardous substances found at the facility by taking reasonable steps to— The person— The person is not— potentially liable, or affiliated with any other person that is potentially liable, for response costs at a facility through— The term “eligible response site” includes— a site for which, notwithstanding the exclusions provided in subparagraph (C) or paragraph (39)(B), the President determines, on a site-by-site basis and after consultation with the State, that limitations on enforcement under section 9628 of this title at sites specified in clause (iv), (v), (vi) or (viii) of paragraph (39)(B) would be appropriate and will— The term “eligible response site” does not include— a facility for which the President—

Legislative history

The public laws that enacted or amended this section. Tallies are for the whole bill as it passed each chamber — often an omnibus covering far more than this provision — not a vote on this section alone.

  • Enacted byPub. L. 96-510(H.R. 7020)1980-12-11
    An act to provide for liability, compensation, cleanup, and emergency response for hazardous substances released into the environment and the cleanup of inactive hazardous waste disposal sites.
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 96-561(S. 2163)1980-12-22
    An act to provide for the conservation and enhancement of the salmon and steelhead resources of the United States, assistance to treaty and nontreaty harvesters of those resources, and for other purposes.
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 99-499(H.R. 2005)1986-10-17
    Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 100-707(H.R. 2707)1988-11-23
    Major Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Amendments of 1987
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 103-429(H.R. 4778)1994-10-31
    To codify without substantive change recent laws related to transportation and to improve the United States Code.
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 104-208(H.R. 3610)1996-09-30
    Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, 1997
  • Amended byPub. L. 104-287(H.R. 2297)1996-10-11
    To codify without substantive change laws related to transportation and to improve the United States Code.
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 106-74(H.R. 2684)1999-10-20
    Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000
  • Amended byPub. L. 107-118(H.R. 2869)2002-01-11
    Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act
    House: no recorded tallySenate: no recorded tally
  • Amended byPub. L. 115-141(H.R. 1625)2018-03-23
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018
    House: 256–167Senate: no recorded tally