14 CFR 121.409
§ 121.409 Training courses using flight simulation training devices.
United States · 14 CFR — Aeronautics and Space · Status: effective
Cite this
- Citation
- 14 CFR 121.409, § 121.409 Training courses using flight simulation training devices, United States, version 1 as recorded 2026-07-09, yourstate.us, https://yourstate.us/provision/56802
- Permanent ID
ys:prov:56802@1- SHA-256
ad09f1cd4e3fab42eaddd196b9c8ab3190eccb2ea2ca585853b057fa5fd32e2c
The hash is SHA-256 of this version's text, with every run of whitespace collapsed to a single space and the ends trimmed. The ID always leads back here, and checking it says whether the text you cited is still the current version.
Full text
(a) Training courses utilizing FSTDs may be included in the certificate holder's approved training program for use as provided in this section.
(b) Except for the airline transport pilot certification training program approved to satisfy the requirements of § 61.156 of this chapter, a course of training in an FFS may be included for use as provided in § 121.441 if that course—
(1) Provides at least 4 hours of training at the pilot controls of an FFS as well as a proper briefing before and after the training.
(2) Provides training in at least the following:
(i) The procedures and maneuvers set forth in appendix F to this part; or
(ii) Line-oriented flight training (LOFT) that—
(A) Utilizes a complete flight crew;
(B) Includes at least the maneuvers and procedures (abnormal and emergency) that may be expected in line operations;
(C) Includes scenario-based or maneuver-based stall prevention training before, during or after the LOFT scenario for each pilot;
(D) Is representative of two flight segments appropriate to the operations being conducted by the certificate holder;
(E) Provides an opportunity to demonstrate workload management and pilot monitoring skills; and
(F) Provides an opportunity for each pilot in command to demonstrate leadership and command skills.
(3) Is given by an instructor who meets the applicable requirements of § 121.412.
(c) The programmed hours of flight training set forth in this subpart do not apply if the training program for the airplane type includes—
(1) A course of pilot training in an FFS as provided in § 121.424(e); or
(2) A course of flight engineer training in an FSTD as provided in § 121.425(d).
(d) Each certificate holder required to comply with § 121.358 of this part must use an approved FFS for each airplane type in each of its pilot training courses that provides training in at least the procedures and maneuvers set forth in the certificate holder's approved low-altitude windshear flight training program. The approved low-altitude windshear flight training, if applicable, must be included in each of the pilot flight training courses prescribed in §§ 121.409(b), 121.418, 121.424, 121.426, and 121.427 of this part.
Legislative history
This is a federal regulation, adopted through agency rulemaking under the Administrative Procedure Act — not enacted by a recorded vote of Congress.